BEHAVIOR OF MANGOSTEEN LEAFMINER PEST FROM TWO DIFFERENT TYPES ON MANGOSTEEN AND FORM OF DAMAGE

Wilna Sari

DIII Study Programs Agriculture, College of Agriculture Haji Agus Salim, Bukittinggi, West Sumatra

Corresponding author: wilna.sari@ymail.com

ABSTRACT

Mangosteen comes from the region of Southeast Asia, especially Indonesia, Thailand and Malaysia. It known as the queen of fruit. Various efforts have been done to increase the production of mangosteen to become an export commodity in Indonesia. Many of these plants are attacked by pests and diseases. Pests find in the leaves of which are pests of family Gracillariidae. Each of these pests have a very distinct morphology and forms of damage. Based on it, research aimed to know the shape of each leaf with a mangosteen leafminer pests and its natural enemies. This research was conducted in Bogor regency. The study was conducted on mangosteen seeds. Then calculated the length of line every day until the larvae enter the prapupa. For natural enemies are obtained   by taking the larvae and pupal stages of pests and maintained until the parasitoids appear. Mangosteen leafminer form mines likes straight and   twisted, and mangosteen peelminer is widened. This pests always find in the upper surface of the leaves at the tip and base. Natural enemies are Hymenopteran parasitoids: Chrysocharis sp., AChrysocharis sp., and Tetrastichus sp. (Eulophidae); Elasmus sp. (Elasmidae) and each of the species of the Family Encyrtidae, Braconidae, and Eurytomidae.

Keywords: mangosteen, mangosteen leafminer, natural enemies, parasitoid

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MOL EFFECT AND LEVEL RUMEN CONTENT TITHONIA DIVERSIFOLIA IMPROVEMENT IN THE POWER TO WASTE MUSHROOM OYSTER COMPOST BE PLUS

Kiki Amelia

Lecturer Agricultural STP Haji Agus Salim Bukittinggi

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ABSTRACT

Utilization of agricultural waste can be done as a form of optimizing the utilization of local resources and to minimize environmental damage. One of them is to take advantage of the growing media waste white oyster mushroom (Pleurotus ostreatus) as compost, known as baglog. During this new baglog used as animal feed, while the compost has not been utilized intentions. However, baglog have a low nutrient content, so it needs to be combined with another in order to be used as a substitute for chemical fertilizers and pesticides that are qualified. Tithonia diversifolia is an annual weed that has the potential as a source of nutrients, containing 3.50 % N, 0.37 % P, and 4.10 % K. The study consisted of two stages of implementation, namely: 1) composting, and 2) test the quality of compost. Composting and analysis in the Laboratory of Agricultural Technology STP HAS for 6 months. This research was conducted to find the best compost formula rich in nutrients by adding Tithonia diversifolia, as well as the use of paunch manure composter. Formula best compost rich in nutrients with the addition of 50 % Tithonia diversifolia. The influence of the old oyster mushroom composting waste that is best at 60 days of composting. The addition of 50 % Tithonia and composting 60 days old showed the best formulation in composting plus. With the addition of some kind of Tithonia able to increase the level of nutrient content when compared with no Tithonia.

Keywords: baglog, rumen contents, and Tithonia diversifolia

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FULFILLING THE CONSUMPTION SUBSTANCE OF NUTRITION POOR RURAL HOUSEHOLD

Gusriati, Dang Sri Chairani, and Syamsuwirman

Lecturer of Agriculture Faculty of Ekasakti University, Veteran Dalam Street No. 26 B Padang, phone number: 085356792985,

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ABSTRACT

The general objective of this research is to develop the strategy for the fulfillment of nutrient consumption members of poor households in rural areas in order to increase the level of nutrient consumption of household and nutritional status of children, specifically aims to prove whether the increased knowledge and skills of mothers about nutrition by using the method of assistance started from planning the type of food consumed, amount, processing and serving method can increase the level of nutrient consumption and nutritional status of children families. Besides that, analyzing the adaptations behavior made by the household when there is a lack of nutrient consumption and found the strategy to fulfill nutrient consumption of poor rural households. The results of this study are useful for various departments and instances in order to fulfill the household food consumption and improve nutritional status of children. This research is also important for the future development of human resources. This research is a pilot study with the development approach and the data were analyzed descriptively. The research was conducted in Padang Pariaman district in two sub-districts, namely sub-districts 2 x 11 Kayu Tanam and sub- district Sunur at poor farmer households by sample collection method purposively. Primary data is collected by using interviews, direct observation to the location, expert discussion and forum group discussion. The results show that increased knowledge and skills of mothers by using assistance method started from planning of food that will be consumed until the serving method could increase the level of nutrient consumption of households, especially for energy nutrients, and vitamin C. The adaptation way made by the household if there is a lack of food are by reducing the expenditure of food and utilize plants at the ground. By using the assistance method can improve decision making in the fulfillment of nutrient consumption of households from 40.0% before the test became 82.5% after the test.

Keywords: trial, the level of food consumption, poor households, the nutritional status of children, and assisting.

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SUCCESS RATE OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN RURAL FARM IN WEST SUMATERA

Zaituni Udin, Ferdinal Rahim, Hendri and Yulia Yellita

Faculty of Animal Science of Andalas University, Padang

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ABSTRACT

An experiment was conducted to evaluate the success rate of artificial insemination in West Sumatera. The number of cows used 162 cows of four artificial insemination centre with four different parity from zero parity to parity 5th parity and frozen semen was used of four different bull. Feed similarly kept in four AI centre and data was analyzed by ANOVA of factorial of RBD. Result of this research showed that interaction between time of insemination, breed and parity were no significant different (P>0.05) on conception rate. On the contrary, there were significant different (P<0.05) on conception rate by time of insemination. The highest conception rate founded at the end of estrus 13 – 18 h (68.91 %). Local cow (71.82), third parity (59.00 %). It was concluded that the effects, time of insemination might be the important factor to get the highest conception rate of the cows. So it may be suggested that to get highest of conception rate, should inseminated the cows at the end of estrus 13 – 18 h in parity -3 and local cows was higher conception rate than the crossbred cows.

Keyword: Conception rate, Parity, Local, Crossbred, Artificial insemination

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