EFFECT OF SEED TREATMENT WITH RYZOBACTERIA TO THE GERMINATION PERCENTAGE AND THE INTENSITY OF THE DISEASE IN INFECTED RICE SEEDS BROWN SPOT DISEASE

Yulensri, Agustamar and Misfit Putrina

Department of food crops, Agricultural Polytechnic Payakumbuh

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ABSTRACT

Increased productivity of rice through proper cultivation techniques such as the application of SRI method is proven to increase rice production. If there is no yield losses due to pests and diseases that high productivity can be maintained so that food security will be realized. Control of potential techniques developed is to use microorganisms ryzobacteria indigenus P. fluorescent, B. thuringiensis, and S. marcescens which is better known as biocontrol agents for control of pests and also has the potential to control seed borne diseases. Ryzobacteria is a bacteria that lives in the soil and are semi anaerobic, allowing these bacteria to live and breed in rice paddies with SRI method of cultivation. Research germination test done Payakumbuh Politani biology laboratory from February to July 2015. Tests conducted on seed germination infected with the pathogen H. oryzae then treated with ryzobacteria. Once it is planted in the home screen and the observed intensity of the brown spot disease. Seed treatment with ryzobacteria on rice seeds infected with brown spot disease caused by the fungus H. oryzae can increase the percentage of germination when compared without giving ryzobacteria and significantly different according DNMRT test at 5% level, there is no interaction between giving ryzobacteria and infection ryzobacteria seed against the percentage of seed germination . Seed treatment with ryzobacteria on rice seeds infected with brown spot disease caused by the fungus H. oryzae can reduce the intensity of the brown spot disease when compared without giving ryzobacteria and significantly different according DNMRT test at 5% level, there is no interaction between giving ryzobacteria and infection ryzobacteria seed the intensity of brown spot disease.

Keywords : S. marcecens, P. fluorescent, B. thuringiensis. H. oryzae, SRI method of paddy.

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COMMODITY CHAIN MANAGEMENT OF EAST JAVA MILK INDUSTRY: STRATEGY TO ACHIEVE MILK SELF-SUFFICIENT PROGRAM

Andrie Kisroh Sunyigono¹, Elys Fauziah¹ and Mulaab²

¹Agribusiness Department, Faculty of Agriculture, University of Trunojoyo Madura,

²Informatics Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, University of Trunojoyo Madura

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ABSTRACT

Milk industry faced several problems. In the downstream, the problems were lack of feeder cattle, low of productivity, the feed price was high, small-scale industry and un-skilled labour. In the middle-process, the problems were recording system was low, traditional technology, grazing area was limited, lack of working capital and managerial problem. Further, the problem in the upstream were price of feeder cattle was fluctuated and price of milk was low. Because of very complicated problems that mention above, the progress of milk industry is very slow and they only fulfilled 27% of national demand. The goals of this research were 1) To understand the characteristic of dairy cow industry in East Java, 2) to identify and map the main actors involved in the core processes of milk commodity chain in East Java, 3) to observe the principal function of the actors as well as the interaction among the actor. and 4) To analyse the strategy for strengthening dairy cow commodity chain. The research was conducted in Pasuruan and Probolinggo Residence. The number of respondent was 81 persons that consist of input supplier, farmer, trader and processor. The analytical tools were descriptive, actor network analysis, and commodity chain analysis.The results of the research were: 1) During 2006-2013, average dairy cow population in East Java increased 10% per year, 2) The core processes in dairy farming system are input provision, raising, milking, transportation and marketing, 3) the bargaining position  of input supplier and farmer were less than the trader and processor. The recommendations were: 1) it was needed to improve the bargaining position of input supplier and farmer through revitalization of the commodity chain in milk industry, 2) the government should force the farmer institution through improving of the farmer cooperatives.

Keywords: dairy, commodity chain, core processes, value-added

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THE INFLUENCE OF THE THICKNESS OF SAND MEDIA AND THE DENSITY OF TYPHA ANGUSTIFOLIA L PLANT AGAINST THE REMOVAL OF COD CONTENT OF WASTE LEACHATE POLLUTANTS ON CONSTRUCTED WETLANDS

Sugeng Nuradji¹ , Sutrisno Anggoro², Henna Rya Abdurachim³  and Boedi Hendrarto⁴

^*Doctoral Program in Environmental Sciences of Diponegoro University Semarang

¹ Health Polytechnic-Ministry of Health Palu, Central Sulawesi, Indonesia

²Doctoral Study Program in Coastal Resources Management of Diponegoro University Semarang

³Medical Faculty, Diponegoro University Semarang

⁴Fisheries and Marine Sciences Faculty of Diponegoro University Semarang

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ABSTRACT

One of the efforts to reduce the negative impact of leachate waste in the environment uses adaptive plants with waste in constructed wetlands (CWs), because the method does not require high operating costs and environmentally friendly.The purpose of this study is to examine the influence of the thickness of sand media and the density of Typha angustifolia L against the COD content of waste leachate pollutants removal efficiency in CWs. This research method uses a split plot design at laboratory scale. A statistical test uses linear additive of variance analysis for a randomized group with two factors and one dependent variable. The results of the study of the average influent COD content at the level of between 495.5 mg/L to 598.56 mg/L after experiencing sequential time (7, 9, 11 and 13) days in CWs decrease to 21.83 mg/L to 68.74 mg/L. There is not a significantly (p = 0.158 > 0.05) influence the thickness of sand media to the COD removal. The COD removal efficiency is significantly (p = 0.00 < 0.05) influenced by the density of Typha angustifolia L plant.  The highest removal efficiency is selected on density 36 plants/m2, occurring in the thickness of sand media of 55 cm with the removal at the level of between 88.99 % to 95.96 %.

Keywords: constructed wetlands, leachate, COD, sand media, T.angustifolia L. 

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DEGRADED LANDS MAPPING, MODELLING AND PLANNING IN KABUPATEN LIMA PULUH KOTA

Trinovita Zuhara Jingga¹, Arnayulis², M.Amrizal¹, Yuhendra³ and Gunadi Widi Nur Cahyo⁴

¹JurusanTeknologi Pertanian Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Indonesia

²Jurusan Budidaya Tanaman Pangan Politeknik Pertanian Negeri Payakumbuh Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, Indonesia

³FakultasTeknik Informatika Institut Teknologi Padang Padang, Indonesia ⁴Fakultas Ilmu Komputer Universitas Putra Indonesia “YPTK” Padang, Indonesia

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ABSTRACT

Degraded lands is one of many problems in agriculture development in Indonesia. Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota is a district in West Sumatera Province that still have large areas of degraded lands, and in this study, these degraded lands will be used as sample. One of the causes of the emergence or existence of degraded lands is the practicing of land management that is not environmental-safe. The environmental-unsafe land management includes, uncontrolled traditional farming methods, long dry season or the absence of proper irrigation. The main goal of this study is to find real condition in surveillance area and to map degraded lands in Kabupaten Lima Puluh Kota, data modelling plan to know the level of its criticality which identify by aerial imagery, and potentials of surrounding areas. By modelling these data, we can develop several strategies that can be used to change the status of the lands from degraded to productive.

Keywords : Degraded land, Aerial Surveillance 

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