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MODEL OF CONTROLLING INTANGIBLE ASSETS IN SECONDARY IRRIGATION SYSTEM MANAGEMENT
Nugroho Tri Waskitho1 and Djudiah2
1Faculty of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Raya Tlogomas 246, Malang 65144
2Faculty of Phsychology, University of Muhammadiyah Malang, Jl. Raya Tlogomas 246, Malang 65144
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ABSTRACT
The research aimed at developing model of controlling intangible assets in secondary irrigation management. The research method consisted of two stages. The first stage was building the model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation management using neuro-fuzzy. The model had three submodels: knowledge management, intangible assets, and performance of irrigation system. The second stage was evaluating the model in Molek irrigation system in Malang, East Java. Data collecting was done by questionnaire and interview on employees of Irrigation Office in Kepanjen, Malang, East Java, Indonesia. Data analysis was done by Adaptive Neuro Fuzzy Inference System. The model had been evaluated by correlation coefficient, Mean Absolute Percentage Error and Root Mean Square Error. The research result indicated that the model of controlling intangible assets in irrigation system management could predict intangible assets and performance of irrigation system well. The model linked knowledge management, intangible assets and performance of irrigation system. Knowledge management felt into four main components: (i) learning organization, (ii) principle of organization, (iii) policy and strategy, and (iv) information and communication technology which controlling intangible assets in irrigation system. Intangible assets consisted of moral intelligence, emotional intelligence, creativity attitude, and institutional culture which controlling effectiveness of irrigation.
Keywords: model, intangible assets, controlling, secondary irrigation system
ASSESSMENT EROSION 3D HAZARD WITH USLE AND SURFER TOOL IN PASAMAN WATERSHED, SUMATRA ISLAND-INDONESIA
Aflizar, Roni Afrizal and Edi Syafri Muzakkir
State Polytechnic Payakumbuh for Agriculture,Payakumbuh 26271, Indonesia. Fax :62-752-7750220,
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ABSTRACT
Quantification of soil erosion rate is an important basic to investigate and improve land use system in Indonesia which has not been sufficiently conducted. In this study, we have tried to clarify spatial distribution of 3D soil erosion and dominant erosion factor controlling loss or redistribution of soil sediment in order to efficiently discuss the sustainable management of Pasaman watershed where is a main palm oil plantation producing area in Sumatra Island. The Universal Soil Loss Equation (USLE) and Erosion Three Dimension (E3D) in Surfer tool were used to identify characteristic of dominant factor in Pasaman Watershed using data soil survey and watershed characteristic. Soil erosion in Pasaman watershed is affected by topography (LS) factor and soil erodibility (K) factor in long-term period. At present, erosion is accelerated by change in cover crop (C) factor, soil conservation practices (P) factor and high rainfall erosivity (R). Estimated soil erosion rate was generally higher in upper than in lower topographical positions. It possibly enhanced the redistribution of soil, especially fine soil particles, and might contribute to degraded water quality at river and sea water as outlet of Pasaman watershed. Annual average soil erosion for Pasaman watershed was 427.23 ton/ha/y in 2014 where exceed tolerable erosion 35,47 ton/ha/y. Average concentrations of PO4-P and NO3-N in sea water in the outlet of Pasaman Watershed ranged from 0.05-1.88 mg/L and 0-2.90 mg/L from 2014, respectively. PO4-P exceeded level standard by Indonesia. Natural factor, including heavy rainfall, local soil properties and land use change in a landscape susceptible to soil erosion were the fundamental factor responsible for the high soil erosion in the watershed. The USLE model in Surfer tool was used to identify specific region susceptible to soil erosion by water and was also applied to identify suitable sites to conduct soil conservation and agroecological land use planning in Pasaman watershed.
Keywords: Erosion 3D, Pasaman watershed, Palm Oil Plantation, USLE
RELATIVE ROLES OF CLIMATE AND SOCIETAL FACTORS INWATER SCARCITY AND FLOODINGIN SRI LANKA AND MALDIVESAND ITS IMPLICATIONS
Zeenas Yahiya
Foundation for Environment, Climate and Technology, c/o Mahaweli Authority Maintenance, Digana Village, Rajawella, Sri Lanka.
ABSTRACT
Three cases that we have studies in Sri Lanka and Maldives illustrate the socio-economic factors and the role of climate change in water scarcity and flooding. The trade-offs, spatial and time scale issues and climate risk and sustainability shall be discussed. First, at a national and district scale in Sri Lanka, we find that there is a strong relationship between climate based drought incidences and drought disaster declarations and relief payments. The details of how these indices are derived and the cross-comparisons with disasters shall be presented. This case demonstrates that even in a country with political conflict, and with government systems under stress that climate drives drought disaster relief. Second, in a rapidly urbanizing region in Sri Lanka, we find that climate is not a driver of the rise in flooding in a sub-catchment (PingaOya) of the Mahaweli River. While there is a relationship between weather and flooding, the rising frequency of floods is not correlated with climate change. Rather anthropogenic activities and poor enforcement of regulations is the cause of floods. Third, in the Maldives, the new government is seeking to move away from climate dependence by encouraging its people to move from water sustenance through encouraging the young to migrate from the approximately 190 islands they inhabitto the HulhumaleIsland where it is constructing desalination plants to provide water. This means that there is higher level of dependence on water supply services. In November 2014 there was a week-long breakdown of the water supply.
SOCIAL - ECONOMIC DEVELOPMENT "VULNERABLE FAMILIES" AS A CLIMATE CHANGE ADAPTATION AND SUSTAINABLE LIVELIHOODS
Niko Rinaldi
Case Study: Implementation of the Programme Strengthening Community Resilience to disaster and climate change in Nagari Tiku Selatan Kecamatan Tanjung Mutiara , Agam Distric – West Sumatera)
(JEMARI Sakato West Sumatra, web: www. jemarisakato.org/FB: JEMARI Sakato telp. (0751) 447 977 )
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ABSTRACT
Agam is one of nagari which is categorized that is the most vulnerable of natural disasters and climate alteration. This susceptibleness especially in economic, because alot of people depend on nature (agricultural and marine). Oxfam and JEMARI Sakato which are funding support from USAID is executing a program pf strengthening of society for increasing of disasters preparedness and affording to adapt of climate alterations. This programis conducted by using a consept of household livelihood security. The activities include : assesment of an impact of the livelihood conditions of comunities to disaster and climate alteration, arrangement of action plan, livelihoods, improving families, increasing of families financial preperadness plan and assurance of disasters, training of attemptcapacity enhancement and families preparedness, building the families social networking, mentoring of improving of families life quality. Based on the method and activities are produced changes such as: 1) 36 Householder in South Tiku have a permanent work, 2) 22 householder are women (60%) which been had fix livelihoods, 3) 36 householder had a bussiness cash book, and 11 of among other have been assessed that have a good finansial report, 4) 32 housholdder have passbook of allert kacio as saving preparadness while disaster, 5) 36 householder have been trained in strengthening preparadness families and rescue in the evnt of disasters, including campaign of secure house of eartquake,6)integration of the program with the local goverment and private programs, 7) The most of families have lost of the social and cultural issues.