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SUCCESS RATE OF ARTIFICIAL INSEMINATION IN RURAL FARM IN WEST SUMATERA
Zaituni Udin, Ferdinal Rahim, Hendri and Yulia Yellita
Faculty of Animal Science of Andalas University, Padang
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ABSTRACT
An experiment was conducted to evaluate the success rate of artificial insemination in West Sumatera. The number of cows used 162 cows of four artificial insemination centre with four different parity from zero parity to parity 5th parity and frozen semen was used of four different bull. Feed similarly kept in four AI centre and data was analyzed by ANOVA of factorial of RBD. Result of this research showed that interaction between time of insemination, breed and parity were no significant different (P>0.05) on conception rate. On the contrary, there were significant different (P<0.05) on conception rate by time of insemination. The highest conception rate founded at the end of estrus 13 – 18 h (68.91 %). Local cow (71.82), third parity (59.00 %). It was concluded that the effects, time of insemination might be the important factor to get the highest conception rate of the cows. So it may be suggested that to get highest of conception rate, should inseminated the cows at the end of estrus 13 – 18 h in parity -3 and local cows was higher conception rate than the crossbred cows.
Keyword: Conception rate, Parity, Local, Crossbred, Artificial insemination
THE ANALYSIS OF EFFICIENCY AND FACTORS INFLUENCE THE OPTION OF INSTITUTIONAL MARKETING PINEAPPLE IN KAMPAR DISTRICT
Roza Yulida, Jum’atri Yusri and Novia Dewi
Agribusiness Department, Riau University
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ABSTRACT
Pineapple is one of excellent commodity in Kampar district, with area is 1450 hectares, production 12,750 tons from 16.53 million pineapple trees. The purpose of study to determine the efficiency of marketing of pineapple and the factors will be affecting the farmer’s chance in selecting the institutional of marketing. 35 farmers are the respondent in this study. Logit model applied to determine the efficiency of the marketing of pineapple and simple linear regression model was used to determine the factors that affect the chances of farmers in selecting the institutional of marketing. The result showed (1) The Marketing of pineapple is not efficient yet, the rate of price changes at the farm level is smaller than the rate of change of the price at the merchant level. (2) The factor of pineapple price, production, education, income, and market information have positive influenced to the farmer’s opportunity to choose the institutional of marketing pineapple. The implications of the research shows (1) the strength of oligopsony, so the rising price is only enjoyed by traders. (2) If the price, production, income and market information are higher, the chances of farmers in selecting the institutional of marketing of pineapples will be better too.
Keyword: efficiency, institutional marketing, pineapple
PARTNERSHIP MODEL IN PLANTATION SECTOR IN ENCOURAGING THE DEVELOPMENT OF SMALLHOLDER IN JAMBI PROVINCE
Erfit
Lecturer of Economic Faculty at Jambi University
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ABSTRACT
This study is the multicases study (survey and case study) that aimed to identify the model of partnership in plantation in Jambi province. Analysis was performed on a variety of partnership executed, rules, interactions, benefits, constraints and problems in each partnership. It also conducted an analysis of the various factors supporting the formulation of effective partnerships especially in plantation covering institutional role of farmers and government policy on partnerships. There are three models of partnership that exists in the plantations in Jambi province that includes: PIR-Trans partnership, the KKPA partnership and the PIR Plantation Revitalization partnership. PIR Trans partnership is built based on the Inpres no. 1/1986 which explains that the PIR project is PIR project associated with transmigration program. While KPPA partnership model is based on a joint decision of the Minister of Agriculture and Minister of Cooperatives and Small Business Development No.73/Kpts/KB.510/2/1998 and No. 01/SKB/M/11/98. In partnership run through the provision of financing facilities provided by the government in the form of loans to cooperatives in this primary cooperatives to their members. While Plantation Revitalization partnership model builds upon the agricultural policy in 2006, and Minister of Finance policy No. 117/2006. Partnership associated with plantation revitalization program, as well as KKPA model where land is also from the community by utilizing the credit facility. The third model is formal partnership where the rules in run partnership set out in a written contract in the form of a cooperative agreement. Generally, partnership has benefited the majority of farmers that include increased income, price certainty and transfer of technology. At an analysis of the institution, especially for farmer groups showed yet the role of institutional effectiveness of partnerships in promoting farmers have played. It is not in spite of the limited assistance and guidance provided by the government against the existing farmers' institutions. Government programs so far have not been able to encourage the development of the plantation business partnership program.
Keywords: partnerships, estates, institutional and policy
WEED GROWTH WITH PROVISION MULCHING PADDY STRAW DYNAMICS IN PADDY FIELD AT METHODS SRI (THE SYSTEM OF RICE INTENSIFICATION)
Zulmardi1, Musliar Kasim2, Irawati Chaniago2 and Agustian2
1PhD student in Agronomy of Postgraduate Studies Andalas University, Padang, Indonesia
2Faculty of Agriculture Andalas University, Padang-Indonesia
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ABSTRACT
To controlling weed growth of paddy rice in the SRI (the System of Rice Intensification) method can be done by using paddy straw mulch. The research method in the form of field trials with a completely randomized design, with a dosage of 15 t/ha and the time of application paddy straw mulch with three modify time. The provision of artificial fertilizer at half the recommended dosage, analysis conducted on weeds and rice yields. The results showed that paddy straw mulching applied twice on rice aged 7 day after planting (DAP) and 14 DAP each half dose gave a decrease in the growth of weeds. Number of weed species and individuals, obtained 12 species with 9,723 individuals. The dominance of the family Poaceae 88% and to Onagraceae 30%, Family Onagraceae relative density of 75.6 individuals/m2 to 66.8 individuals/m2 and family Poaceae of 30.3 individuals/m2 to 14.9 individuals/m2. Dominance species by Echinochloa sp., and Commelina sp. based summed Dominance Ratio (SDR), it indicates a very effective weed control. Rice yield that is 7.32 t.ha-1 that increased by 86.1% compared to the SRI method control, and increased by 106.1% compared with the conventional method.
Keywords: weed dynamics, paddy straw mulch, paddy field, SRI methods